Early Americana Catalog

Presented for sale by Phil Barber, Cambridge, Mass. 02139 Telephone (617) 492-4653
www.historicpages.com
About This Era and its Newspapers

Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. -Thomas Jefferson, 1787.

The first era of American printing begins in 1639 and ends about 1830. In the latter decade a technological revolution dramatically changed the art of printing, with the introduction of iron frame printing presses and machine made papers. These earliest printed items are the products of a pre-Industrial Age technology, printed on wooden "Franklin" presses on papers manufactured by a laborious hand process from rags, old clothing, and other newspapers. These wonderfully collectible imprints are charming in their simplicity, survivors of a sturdy era of hard, honest work by skilled crafts people. Interestingly, at this time newspapers and magazines were largely the province of the upper classes, as their high prices put them out of the reach of ordinary people.

For my part I entertain a high idea of the utility of periodical publications; insomuch as I could heartily desire, copies of ... magazines, as well as common Gazettes, might be spread through every city, town, and village in the United States. I consider such vehicles of knowledge more happily calculated than any other to preserve the liberty, stimulate the industry, and ameliorate the morals of a free and enlightened people.- George Washington, 1788 in a letter to Matthew Carey, published of the Philadelphia Columbian Magazine.

All items from this formative period of American journalism are now scarce to rare. An experienced printer and his apprentices could "pull" no more than six hundred newspapers a day; a circulation of two thousand copies per issue was considered exceptional throughout most of the period. Other than the few specimens saved by libraries, by the newspaper publishers themselves, and by a handful of individuals, all these early papers and magazines ended up discarded or recycled into new paper.

Some British periodicals are also included in this catalog, selected for the significance of ther historic content about America. They are so described where they appear.

      It is worthy of remark that newspapers have almost entirely changed their form and character ... They have become the vehicles of discussion, in which the principles of government, the interests of nations, the spirit and tendency of public measures, and the public and private character of individuals are all arraigned, tried, and decided ... they have become immense moral and political engines, closely connected to the welfare of the state, and deeply involving both its peace and prosperity.    -Miller, A Brief Retrospective of the Eighteenth Century, published in 1803

About The Catalog Listings
I am pleased to present for your consideration fine examples of rare newspapers, as well as newspapers carrying important historic, social, political, and economic content in these formative years of our nation. All items in this catalog are unconditionally guaranteed to be genuine and accurately described. Any item may be returned within seven days of receipt for a full refund. No reason for return is ever required.They are in fine used condition and are complete with all pages as issued. All papers are free of damage or objectionable defects, unless otherwise described. I am are sure you will be delighted with their exceptional state of preservation. I purchase only the finest condition newspapers that can be found to offer to my valued friends and customers.

These are the finest quality original antique newspapers and magazines, that you might find elsewhere priced at much greater cost. It has always been my policy to present my catalog items at "wholesale to the public" prices. Therefore all catalog items and quoted prices are net, and are not subject to further discount, either for dealers or in consideration of quantity orders. It is our policy to price our items based on what we believe to be their fair market value. I do not set prices at absurdly inflated levels to take advantage of novices or "investors"; nor do employ the common ploy of starting with an unrealistically high price in order to "negotiate" a phony discount later. As over a third of our catalog orders are from dealers buying for resale, at our stated prices, we have every confidence that this policy maintains an ethical standard of integrity and fairness to all.

Newspapers are full folio size unless described as quarto (abbreviated 4to) or octavo (8vo), which are respectively smaller in format. Most newspapers have been removed from bound volumes and may exhibit characteristic minor spine weakness or separation without significant paper loss. Magazines are disbound from annual volumes and lack wraps unless otherwise stated, as these were very rarely preserved in the bound runs. Illustration plates are lacking unless described as present in the description, as most were framed by the original subscribers. Each catalog entry is briefly described for its general appearance, historical significance, and content. Every one contains hours of additional historic reading and insights into the world preserved on its pages, much more than I could find the space to describe here.

I pride myself on the quality and accuracy of my catalog descriptions, and strive to provide all the information needed to enable you to make an informed selection. Please consult my collector information pages and glossary of terms page linked below, if you are not sure of what any of the descriptive terms mean.

Your comments are always welcome, as are your inquiries, if you have questions about these historic collectibles. We value our customers, and appreciate the confidence you place in us when ordering from our online catalogs. We strive to merit your patronage and to enrich your collecting experience through accurate, knowledgeable descriptions, honest pricing, courteous service, and timely order filling. Enjoy your browsing!

Pictures of Cataloged Items
Scans or digital photos are available of many items in this catalog. To view them, click the "VIEW SCAN" button in the listing. You can return to the catalog by using your browser's "BACK" command. Illustrations are of the exact item being offered for sale and depict a full page or a detail close-up of a page of the issue. All papers are complete and undamaged as noted. Photos of newspapers described as "Atmosphere Issues" are of typical issues in stock and are provided to give an idea of the papers' general appearance. I hope to be able to provide pictures of all the items, as time allows and as I become more proficient with the scanner and digital camera.

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Early American Handwritten Documents
E1-304. Early American Document, before 1830. [singlesheet, oblong 16mo to 8vo size, [New Hampshire]]
This group consists of promissory notes, receipts, bills, and similar financial records, all from an early New Hampshire archive. Each is completely handwritten, dated, and signed by the principals. These humble, once everyday items speak of lives so far removed from the luxury and convenience that we take for granted in the 21st century. Their small size bears witness to the high cost of handmade paper and how frugal Yankees might make a sigle sheet into half a dozen monetary documents. All date between 1800 and 1829. See my scan for their general appearance. Condition is very fine, price each. . . 4.00
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E1-305. AS #304 ABOVE, BUT TEN DIFFERENT pre-1830 documents for . . . 30.00  

Fine Early Political Ephemera
E1-340. [HANDBILL] A FACT., n.p., n.d., 1808. [Singlesheet, 4½" x 5½" size, published at Salem Mass, at the press of the Essex Gazette]
This early imprint from the ancient seafaring town is an attack on one "Dr. Kilham", who had the audacity to publicly claim that maritime commerce and fisheries were of no economic value to the Commonwealth's economy. In fact these were the lifeblood of old Salem, and President Jefferson's tremendously controversial embargo of trade with Britain, invoked in 1808 in the wake of the infamous Chesapeake incident, was seen as crippling to the wealthy men of the town. (Salem is also the Yankee city that was pre-eminent in the slave trade, which was also abolished in 1808 by Congress.) This bill is signed by B(enjamin) Goodhue and Rich(ar) d Manning, under the MS notation "We are ready to testify to the above Nov. 5th 1808". Goodhue (1748-1814) was a Federalist member of both state House of Reps. and Senate, and was elected to the first three sessions of the U.S. House. He helped draft the Mass. Constitution and was appointed a U.S. Senator in 1796. Manning has the modest distinction of being Nathaniel Hawthorn's uncle. Of the beleaguered Kilham, alas, I find no record. Not in NUC, possibly unique, quite a good memento of the heated political passions of the early republic.
Condition of this handbill is quite fine, unbtrimmed, problem-free, MS notations bold and legible . . . 95.00

Wisdom from the Past: John Quincy Adams on True Liberty
E1-707. [SINGLE ISSUE]. THE COLUMBIAN CENTINEL, July 21, 1821. [Complete issue of 4 pages, folio size, published at Boston, Mass.]
Filling all of Page One and completed within is Secretary of State Adams powerful Independence Day speech given in Washington. He speaks of the true meaning of freedom and has a warning our leaders would do well to heed today, for "She [the United States] goes not abroad in search of monsters to destroy...She well knows that by once enlisting under other banners than her own, were they even the banners of foreign independence, she would involve herself beyond the power of extrication, in all the wars of interest and intrigue, of individual avarice, envy, and ambition, which assume the colors and usurp the standard of freedom." Powerful message of what being America means, that should be required reading. Much more. .
Condition is nice clean VF. . . . SOLD

Of "Ye" and the "S" that looks like an "F"
New collectors are sometimes confounded by the unfamiliar ways some words are found printed in old newspapers and documents. Foremost among these is the mistaken idea that the letter "f" was used where we today use an "s". In the old Anglo-Saxon alphabet, from which the English alphabet is derived, the lower case "s" was written in two forms: one is the "long s" that resembles my modern letter "f" (but note, it does not have the center bar), which is used when the "s" is the first letter of the word, or in any other position within a word other than the final letter; the other is the familiar shaped "s" which appears at the end of words. In capital letters the common "S" is always used. This usage is cognate to the two forms of "s" in the Greek alphabet.
What appear to be printed, for example, as "fuccefs", in old newspapers, is in reality nothing more exotic than "success". In capital letters this word would be printed as "SUCCESS", as it is today.
English printer John Bell first phased out the use of the long "s" in his books at the end of the 1700's, and by 1810 or so the new practice was universal in printed material. Interestingly, though, the use of the old long "s" continued in handwritten documents for many years, through the 1870's. This innovation must have saved typesetters much labor!

The second common misunderstanding is the idea that "ye" (as in "ye olde") is pronounced "ye". It is not and never was! Again, what appears to be the modern letter "y" in this usage is in fact the diphthong from the old Anglo-Saxon alphabet called thang, which is pronounced "th", and which was used as a form of shorthand, being easier to set one letter than two.

Affordable Ephemera from 175 Years Ago!
E2-213. [Ephemera]. Ledger Sheet, 1826.
[Boston]. These attractive early documents, fully handwritten and dated at the top of each, list a Yankee dry goods merchant's transactions, naming customers, articles purchased, etc. Nice clean condition for display or resale. 6½" x 16½", just . . . . 4.00    Select here to view a full color detail (about 6" by 11") of a typical ledger sheet.

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Independence Day Celebrated - From the Library of Thomas Jefferson
E3-200. [SINGLE ISSUE] THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER [Semi-Weekly Edition], July 9, 1815. [Complete issue of 4 pages, folio size, published at Washington, D.C., by Gales & Seaton]
This issue of the great Washington newspaper was delivered to former President Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. His name, inked at the nameplate by a subscription clerk, is prominent and fully legible on Page One, as seen in my scan, to the right. Among the memorable content of the issue is the celebration of Independence Day, with the full speech of Richard Henry Lee before reading the Declaration, which of course Jefferson had penned 39 years earlier. What thoughts may Jefferson have had as he held this issue and read of the celebration of the republic he was so instrumental in creating? Frontpage article on "The Last Victory" of a U.S. warship, the brig Tom Bowline over a Royal Navy adversary. Splendid editorial on the lessons of the late war with England. Long backpage feature on steamboat inventor Robert Fulton. More.
Jefferson, the passionate champion of press liberty had become so disillusioned and embittered by the ceaseless attacks on his administration and character that after leaving office he canceled all his newspaper subscriptions, save to the Intelligencer and his local paper, the Lynchburg Press.
PROVENANCE: at his death, Jefferson's books and papers were willed to the University of Virginia. In 1899 there was a great fire at the library, "the Rotunda Fire", after which these papers were sold to the University of Louisiana Law Library (and presumably replaced by issues in better condition.) The library deacquisitioned them in the 1980's. To my knowledge no other newspapers of Thomas Jefferson have ever appeared on the public market. Supplied with my written provenance and certificate of authenticity. RARE OPPORTUNITY to own a memento of one of the greatest Americans..
Condition of this issue is heavily but evenly browned with some waterspotting the edges, from the 1899 fire. Several small splits and one 1/4" hole on page one. The paper is somewhat fragile and should be handled with special care and is eminently worthy of archival restoration . . . SOLD

Concord Gazette Subscription Bill and Receipt
E3-205. [DOCUMENT] Newspaper Subscription Receipt , March, 1816. [singlesheet, oblong 8vo size, from [Concord, New Hampshire]]
James Drake of Pittsfield, N.H., here pays in advance $1.50 on a $3 two-year subscription to the "Concord Gazette." Entirely handwritten and bearing the autograph of Joseph C. Spear, who printed the paper with his brother William for editor Tuttle, and would become sole owner in 1819. Nice early journalism ephemera.
Condition is very fine . . . 15.00

Portsmouth Oracle Subscription Bill
E3-206. [DOCUMENT] Newspaper Subscription Receipt , February 05, 1818. [singlesheet, oblong 8vo size, from Pittsfield, New Hampshire]
The newspaper's traveling agent Noah Herman here receives $1.25 from James Drake for a one year subscription to the fine old Federalist weekly, in print since 1793. Entirely handwritten, fine early American Journalism history.
Condition is very fine . . . 15.00

Human Beings as Commodities
E3-207. THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, 1831 to 1838. [Washington, D.C., complete issue of 4 pages, large folio]. One of the great early newspapers, founded in 1801 as the de facto public relations organ of the Jefferson administration. The issues offered here are selected for their highly collectible advertisements, at least one per issue, offering slaves for sale or hire, committed to jail on suspicion of being runaways, or offering rewards for the return of runaways to their masters, making this powerful first-hand documentation of the reality of slavery in America. The frequent appearance of runaway ads demolishes the slaveholders' propaganda of the docile, contented "servant", which is the euphemism often used. The ads also bring to mind the admission by great human rights activist Fred Douglass that he was a criminal in the eyes of the law - guilty of the "crime" of stealing his own body from his "master"!
Condition is fine, with full news of the day, opinion and ads of every kind. Price per issue . . . . 12.95
A 1974 study documented only about 8,400 runaway notices published in American newspapers between 1790 and 1860, although there were an estimated 50,000 runaways each year. Ads were not generally purchased until the fugitives were missing for at least a month. Most runaways fled to protest unusually harsh labor conditions and remained in the vicinity of their home plantations until their grievances could be addressed. Almost none attempted the virtually impossible trek to freedom in Canada, and there never were any concerted rescue attempts from the northern states, despite slaveholders' obsessive delusions of great Yankee conspiracies against them and their human "property rights."
The appearance of runaway ads in this nationally-circulated paper, emanating from the capital of the only nation on earth that promised "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" as the purpose of its government, was so controversial that the editors discontinued accepting them by the early 1840's. Bills proposing the outlawing of slavery in the District of Columbia itself were the only abolitionist petitions seriously considered the Federal Congress, until slaveholding interests imposed a "gag rule" forbidding Congress to even discuss these popular petitions. It was this attack on the democratic process itself, rather than a humanitarian concern for the rights of the slaves, which aroused Northerners into recognizing slavery as an intolerable threat to the liberties of all Americans, and which ultimately provided the spark that would light the holocaust of civil war.
  View Scan of a typical ad
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Benjamin Franklin Spoofs the Bible: A Rare British Newspaper Printing
E5-001. [SINGLE ISSUE] St. JAMES CHRONICLE, or THE BRITISH EVENING-POST, April 21, 1764. [Complete issue of 4 pages, folio size, published at London, England, by Henry Baldwin]
Benjamin Franklin's famed homily, the "The Parable of Persecution", is here printed in full in its original form, cast as Chapter 27 of the Book of Genesis, beginning, "And it came to pass after these things, that Abraham sat in the door of his tent, about the going down of the sun. And behold a man, bowed with age, came from the way of the wilderness, leaning on a staff... " It is introduced by a man signing himself W.S. as the work of "a Friend from North-America, as well known throughout Europe for his ingenious discoveries... his Sagacity, his Usefulness and Activity.. and his Acquaintance with Every Virtue.."
ALMOST CERTAINLY the first appearance in print of Franklin's famous appeal for tolerance for all religious beliefs, cast as a "bagatelle" or satire, a literary form well-employed by Franklin. Like most Americans of the Enlightenment era, Franklin rejected revealed religion and embraced a moderate form of Deism. He maintained a lively interest in the world's faiths, being more attracted to their ethical precepts than interested in their dogmas. In his later years, he came to often quote the Presbyterian understanding of Christian faith, in which he had been raised.
This tale was not printed until 1774 in book format, under the auspices of Lord Kames; click here for an online history of that edition, as recounted by Franklin. It was next seen in print in 1793, in Franklin's posthumous autobiography. An account of this remarkable tale, and its derivation from a Persian story, may be read online at American Thumbprints. Quite exceptional appearance in print of an important work of the most widely respected American of his generation. Crane & Kaye (no. 800) locate a single example of this newspaper in all the libraries in the U.S.
Condition of this issue is very fine but closely trimmed at the top margin and some minor mended fold line wear, due to the very unusual circumstance of this issue having been bound sideways into a quarto volume . . . 395.00

Special Opportunity For Inexpensive Revolutionary War Era Newspapers!
E5-003. THE LONDON CHRONICLE, atmosphere issue dated 1780. [Complete issue of 8 pages, 4to size, published at London, England, by James Wilkie]
One of the leading newspapers of Georgian London, this fine tri-weekly contains news, politics, and opinion of all kinds. I note mainly passing references to the war in America. By this sixth year of fighting, the English public had become quite disenchanted with the endless, pointless, and apparently unwinnable guerrilla war, and it was not as well reported as it was in the heady days of 1775 and 1776. Much of the war news focuses on the battles at sea with the fleets of the American insurgency's allies, the Dutch, the Spanish, and most of all the French, England's traditional and much hated arch-enemy. Indeed for many years, our War of Independence was known in England as the "War with France, Spain, and Holland in America". Many Britons admired the insurgents' valiant struggle to cast off the restrictions of imperial hegemony, and equally despised George III's arrogant Ministers and their unjust policies.
The issues I present here have been quite closely cropped at the top margin, losing some of the heading and/or text. I believe they were rescued from a long-ago fire and carefully trimmed and rebound. The scan below is representative of their condition, which is otherwise quite fine. They have the customary partial red Threepenny royal tax stamps, of the sort that sparked revolution on this side of the Atlantic. Because of their condition I offer them (about 25 are available) at less than a quarter of their normal price, just, per issue . . . 9.95
The tax stamp reminds us that the American Colonies had been exempt since 1690 from taxes paid by other Britons, in order to stimulate their fledgling economies - an early and rather more successful version of today's neo-conservative "trickle-down" theory. Britain had very nearly gone bankrupt fighting the French and Indian War, which was largely about protecting the American Colonies' western borders from depradations by, well, Frenchmen and Indians. British attempts in the 1760's to compell the now-prosperous colonies pay their fair share of the enormous costs of their own defense was done with such a heavy hand that it provoked a rebellion that would profoundly alter the course of human history.
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Inspecting That Rascal Tom Jefferson
E6-109. THE WEEKLY INSPECTOR, typical issue printed between 1806 and 1807. [Complete issue of 8 pages, octavo size, published at New York, by Thomas Fessenden].
Extremely uncommon little Federalist partisan weekly, edited by the great political satirist Thomas Green Fessenden (1771 - 1837). Considered the greatest verse satirist of his time, he gained fame as the author of a virulent epic ode against Jefferson called Democracy Unveiled the year before he began this venture. Here he continues his assaults on anything that smells of the Democratic-Republicanism of the chief executive. Fascinating glimpse into era politicking, which dominates its content .
Condition of the issues is generally fine, never trimmed or bound, quite uncommon. Price, each issue, . . . 19.95
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Edited by Washington Irving
E6-162. THE ANALECTIC MAGAZINE, typical issue printed between 1813 and 1814. [Complete issue of 88 pages, octavo size, published at Philadelphia, Penna., by Moses Thomas].
For a brief period, less than 24 issues, this fine eclectic review was edited by the great American author Washington Irving (1783 -1859). He contributed a number of reviews of new books and wrote the "literary and scientific intelligence" in the news columns. He celebrated the great triumphs of the U.S. navy in action against King George's warships in articles he wrote covering the war's events and the heroes. Irving started with a salary of $125 a month, which he thought "handsome pay ... [for] an amusing occupation" but by the end of 1814 he had grown tired of the demands of active editorship of an ongoing periodical and quit, to be replaced in Feb. 1815 by Thomas Wharton. I offer complete issues dating to the months of the Irving editorship, unique mementos of the early career of one of the most celebrated authors of his century at a formative period of American letters .
Condition of the issues is fine, minor light foxing, from a bound volume. Price, each issue, . . . 29.95
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America's First Scientific Magazine
E6-251. THE AMERICAN MECHANICS' MUSEUM, typical issue printed between 1825 and 1826. [Complete issue of 16 pages, octavo size, published at New York, printed by William van Norden].
Produced by Thomas P. Jones (1774 -1848), mechanics professor of the Franklin Institute, this title is the earliest American weekly devoted entirely to technological advancement. Modeled on the London Mechanics' Magazine, it survived barely a year before merging with the Franklin Institute's newly launched Journal and moving to Philadelphia. It is an amazing digest of mechanical and scientific progress printed at the dawn of the Industrial Era in America, and is supplied with illustrations, a great rarity in era publications. Quite uncommon and a significant addition to any collection.
Condition of the issues is generally fine with some foxing. Price, each issue, . . . 24.95
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A Reprise of a Famous Name, in the 50th Anniversary Year of American Freedom
E6-258. THE BOSTON NEWS-LETTER AND CITY REGISTER, typical issue printed in 1826. [Complete issue of 16 pages, octavo size, published at Boston, Mass., by Munroe & Francis].
This uncommon weekly, which survived barely a year, reprised the name of the first American newspaper, which appeared 122 years earlier. Its content is primary miscellany of all sorts, from the doings of the Boston Board of Aldermen, to news briefs from across the nation, articles on the latest internal improvements and prominent personages of the day. As befits the title, several pieces on Boston's long history appear in each issue. The backpage is devoted to city statistics, births, deaths, marriages, ships entered and cleared the busy harbor, etc. In all a charming portrait of an America coming of age, in this year of the 50 year anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
Condition of the issues is fine. Price, each issue, . . . 8.95
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